The wind is a natural phenomenon behind the process of producing electricity, as it is the agent that causes the rotation of the wheel and starts the mechanism that causes the transformation of energy from kinetic to electrical .
The movement of air masses is due to the difference in pressure between two points. It originated as a force that pressure gradient force acting on groped to redress the balance. The airflow does not go directly from point to point, ie the same direction of the force gradient, but suffers a deviation due to the Coriolis force which tends to move right and left hemisphere in settentriolale ' Southern Hemisphere. At low altitudes, approximately less than 600m, the friction with the Earth's surface plays a significant action on the movement of air masses.
The wind speed is dependent on the pressure gradient, ie the pressure difference exists, and is measured with an instrument called anemometer . It has, of course, a crucial role both in machine design and in evaluating the wind potential of a site. For the purposes of a cost-effective exploitation of wind energy is therefore essential to study the variations of wind speed at a given site, which must be conducted on the basis of long-term observations.
Wind energy, due to the movement of air masses just mentioned, is ubiquitous on Earth but only in some areas is sufficiently intense and regular to be of interest for a practical use: it is essential to analyze the cost-effectiveness.
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